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Objective:To discuss the clinical results of treatment for congenital muscular torticollis with different injection points of botulinum toxin type A and traditional conservative method, and to expound the safety and effectiveness of this way.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2018, 60 cases aged from one month to six months with congenital muscular torticollis who visited the outpatient clinic of plastic surgery in Children＇s Hospital of Quanzhou, a teaching hospital of FuJian Medical University, and there were 38 males and 22 females. The treatment groups were divided into two groups according to random number method that were treated with botulinum toxin type A: the single point group was given one point injection, and the three-point group was injected with three points, while the control group was treated with traditional conservative treatment (mainly manual stretching exercises). The number of cases in each group was 20.Results:The differences of muscle thickness and muscle length were repeatedly measured at different time points in the same group and variance analysis conducted. The results showed that there were statistical significances among the two indicators at different time points in each group ( P<0.05). Least significant difference (LSD) was further adopted for pairwise comparison between indicators at different time points in each group and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). In the comparison of treatment effect of different groups after twelve months follow-up, the cure rate was 85% (17 cases) in the single point group, 95 % (19 cases) in the three-point group, and 80 % (16 cases) in the control group, there was no significant difference among three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Local injection of botulinum toxin type A is a safe and effective treatment option for congenital muscular torticollis, which can achieve the same clinical effect as traditional conservative treatment.
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Cordyceps militaris exopolysaccharides (EPS) have many pharmacological activities such as boosting immunity and antifatigue. To obtain EPS efficiently, we added moderate Vernonia amygdalina leaf powder as inducer to the fermentation medium to promote the production of Cordyceps militaris EPS and studied the infrared absorption spectrum and antioxidant activities of the EPS after optimization. The optimum liquid fermentation conditions were as follows: addition of Vernonia amygdalina leaf powder of 8 g/L, fermentation duration of 9 d, initial pH of 6.5, inoculation quantity of 5.0 mL. Under such a condition, the yield of Cordyceps militaris EPS reached (5.24±0.28) mg/mL, increased by 205.20% compared to the control group without adding Vernonia amygdalina leaf powder. Results of infrared analysis and antioxidant activity showed that the Vernonia amygdalina leaves had little effect on the structure and activities of Cordyceps militaris EPS. The results of this research suggest that Vernonia amygdalina leaf can enhance the production of Cordyceps militaris EPS effectively, and provides a novel method for efficient production of EPS in Cordyceps militaris.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Cordyceps , Plant Leaves , Polysaccharides , VernoniaABSTRACT
Objective To identify highly sensitive and specific antigens in Aeromonas hydrophila strain ATCC7966 by using immunoproteomics.Methods Outer membrane proteins were extracted from the Aeromonas hydrophila strain by using two-dimension electrophoresis and identified by LC-LTQ-XL-MS ( liq-uid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap mass spectrometry).Western blot assay was performed to screen out the immunogenic proteins.Results A total of 43 peptides representing 39 proteins were identi-fied by LC-LTQ-XL-MS.Among the 39 proteins, 69% were outer membrane proteins and 12% were inner membrane proteins.They were involved in the process of transportation, cell motility, biosynthesis, etc. One candidate vaccine antigen was identified by using two-dimensional Western blot analysis .Conclusion The immunoproteomics approach could be used to identify immunogenic proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila. This study provided references for further investigation on candidate vaccine antigens.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an efficient and high resolution 2-DE (two-dimensional electrophoresis) protocol for root tuber proteome analysis of Rehmannia glutinosa.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Proteins from root tuber of R. glutinosa were extracted by using five different methods and their productivity and profiles were assessed by means of SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-phenol extraction method was found most effective for the extraction with the highest protein yield, the most spots in protein patterns, and the highest resolution of proteins, and the clearest background could be achieved simultaneously. A 1:5 solution of ampholine pH 3-10 and pH 5-8 for a nonlinear gel and the 170 microg of protein loading dosage obtained maps with more protein spots and higher resolution of separation patterns.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study based on the optimized root tuber proteome preparation and the 2-DE protocol gets a high resolution and reproducibility 2-DE image, which will be expected to have excellent applications in proteomics studies of R. glutinosa tuber root.</p>
Subject(s)
Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional , Methods , Plant Proteins , Chemistry , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Proteome , Chemistry , Rehmannia , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study responses of physiological ecology and quality evaluation of Rehmannia glutinosa in continuous cropping.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The potted plant R. glutinosa which consists of first cropping, 1 year continuous cropping and 2 year continuous cropping were used as experimental materials. The photosynthetic activity, descending axis vitality, the protective enzymes system and MDA content were measured, the quality was evaluated by FTIR and HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Continuous cropping reduced the content of chlorophyll in the non-first cropping R. glutinos, the photosynthetic activity and descending axis vitality were weakened. Because of the increase of the free radical in the R. glutinos due to the continuous cropping, the activity of protective enzymes including POD, SOD and CAT were enhanced and MDA content were increased, more importantly the medical potency declined . And along with the increasing years of the continuous cropping, this effect becomes even stronger.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Continuous cropping affects the descending axis ability of absorbing water and nutrition and photosynthesis are inhibited R. glutinosa, at the same time, it also causes the disorders of antioxidation systems in R. glutinos, resulting in continuous cropping obstacle and decline of the medicinal materials quality.</p>
Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Metabolism , Ecology , Photosynthesis , Physiology , Rehmannia , Metabolism , Physiology , Superoxide Dismutase , MetabolismABSTRACT
AIM:To establish a simple and accurate HPLC method for quality evaluation and determination of 8 active constituents, i.e. Danshensu, Protocatechualdehyde,rosmarinic acid,Salvianolic acid B, Dihydrotanshinone, Cryptotanshinone, Tanshinone Ⅰand Tanshinone ⅡA in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, at the same time, in order to study the correlations of the contents of the 8 constituents. METHODS: Detected at 286 nm, analytes were separated on a ODS C_ 18 column(150 mm?4.6 mm, 10 ?m) eluted gradually with methanol and 1% tetrafuran in 1% formic acid water solution(3∶97)on the increasement of methanol from 3% to 70% in the whole analysis. After determination, SPSS 13.0 software was used to calculate the correlation between the 8 constituents. RESULTS: Under the above conditions, HPLC method was constructed to quantify 8 constituents,and their correlation coefficients were calculated. CONCLUSION: The result shows that the contents of the 8 constituents in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. vary greatly from different origins; and there are significant correlations between the contents of hydrophilic constituents such as Salvianolic acid B,Danshensu,rosmarinic acid, so do hydrophobic constituents like Cryptotanshinone,Tanshinone Ⅰ,Tanshinone ⅡA,but there is no correlation between the hydrophilic constituents and hydrophobic constituents.